Encyclopedia of biochemical detection indicators

1、 Definition of biochemical detection

Biochemical testing refers to the use of biological or chemical methods to test samples. The determination indexes are usually biochemical indexes such as enzymes, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and non-protein nitrogen, inorganic elements or body function indexes. In scientific research, biochemical detection provides various conveniences for material content determination, enzyme activity rapid detection and drug development.

2、 Classification of biochemical detection indexes

a.Oxidation and Antioxidation Series

Oxidation is a common chemical reaction in life, free radicals are produced in the process of oxidation, and antioxidation is a molecule that scavenges free radicals in the body. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants play a crucial role in protecting against peroxidative damage caused by exercise. Common oxidation and antioxidant series detection indicators mainly include SOD, CAT, ROS, POD, NO and so on.

b. Coenzyme series

Coenzyme (Coenzyme) is the general name of a large class of organic cofactors, which is a necessary factor for enzyme-catalyzed redox reaction, group transfer and isomerization reaction. They undertake the function of transferring electrons, atoms or groups in enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The common coenzyme series detection indexes mainly include coenzyme Ⅰ NAD (H), coenzyme Ⅱ NADP (H), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and so on.

c.Glutathione series

Glutathione is a tripeptide bound by glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine. Glutathione can help the body maintain normal immune system function and has antioxidant effect. Glutathione in hepatocytes can participate in biotransformation. The common glutathione series detection indexes mainly include total glutathione (T-GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), reduced glutathione (GSH) and so on.

d.Oxidative phosphorylation series

Oxidative phosphorylation is the reaction in which the energy released when substances are oxidized in the body is supplied to ADP and inorganic phosphoric acid to synthesize ATP through the respiratory chain. the process of. Common oxidative phosphorylation series detection indicators mainly include mitochondrial respiratory chain series, Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity, etc.

e.Tricarboxylic acid cycle series

Tricarboxylic acid cycle is a common metabolic pathway in aerobic organisms. Tricarboxylic acid cycle is not only the final metabolic pathway of the three major nutrients (sugars, lipids and amino acids), but also the hub of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids metabolism. The common detection indexes of tricarboxylic acid cycle mainly include acetyl-CoA, pyruvate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and so on.

f.Fatty acid metabolism series

Fatty acid metabolism consists of various metabolic processes involving or closely related to fatty acids, which can be mainly divided into energy-producing catabolic and anabolic processes. Common fatty acid metabolism series detection indicators mainly include triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high and low density lipoprotein, free cholesterol, etc.

g.Glucose Metabolism Series

Sugar is a class of organic compounds whose chemical nature is polyaldol or polyhydroxy ketone and its derivatives. Sugar metabolism refers to a series of complex chemical reactions such as glucose and glycogen in the body. Glucose metabolism can be divided into catabolism and anabolism. The metabolic pathways of glucose in the body mainly include anaerobic glycolysis, aerobic oxidation and pentose phosphate pathway. Common glucose metabolism series detection indicators mainly include glucose, total sugar, reducing sugar, plant soluble sugar, etc.

h.Glycolysis series

The glycolysis pathway, also known as the EMP pathway, is accompanied by the generation of a small amount of ATP. The glycolysis pathway can be carried out under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions, and is a common metabolic pathway for the aerobic or anaerobic decomposition of glucose. Glycolysis can transfer the released free energy to ATP. Common glycolysis series detection indicators mainly include pyruvate kinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, hexokinase, pyruvate and so on.

i.Amino acid metabolism series

The metabolism of amino acids produced by protein hydrolysis includes two aspects: α-ketoacids produced by amino acid decomposition can be converted into sugars, lipids or some non-essential amino acids, and can also be oxidized to carbon dioxide and water by tricarboxylic acid cycle. and release energy. The common detection indexes of amino acid metabolism mainly include glutamic pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, cysteine, glutamic acid and so on.

j.Ion series

Metal elements are often used as cofactors by some proteins, which play a key role in enzymatic activity. Common ion series detection indicators mainly include blood potassium, blood sodium concentration, blood zinc concentration and so on.金

3、 Advantages of Abbkine Biochemical Kits

1. High sensitivity, principle based on optimized colorimetry and fluorescence, non-radioactive, safe and stable;
2. Suitable for a variety of samples, including animal and plant tissues, cells, serum, plasma, bacteria, fungi, etc.;
3. The experimental process is easy and convenient, providing meticulously optimized experimental steps and results calculation methods
4. The experimental results are accurate and reliable, and the standard samples and standard curves are provided for reference.

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