Descriptions：Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was first identified as a Growth Factors due to its ability to induce proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow progenitors into granulocytes and macrophages. GM-CSF is produced by multiple cell types including activated T cells, B cells, macrophages, endothelial cells and fibroblasts upon receiving immune stimuli. GM-CSF stimulates stem cells to produce granulocytes and monocytes functions as a cytokine.

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Tags：GM-CSF

Descriptions：Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors 121 (VEGF121) is a truncated version of VEGF165, which produced in E. coli is a homodimer, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain and having a molecular mass of 28.4 kDa. There is three different isoforms (120, 164 and 188 a.a.) found in mouse. VEGF 121 shows that lack basic heparin-binding regions and are freely diffusible. Mouse VEGF121 shares 98% identity with corresponding regions of rat, 89% with canine, feline, equine and porcine, and 87% with human, ovine and bovine VEGF, respectively.

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Tags：VEGF121

Descriptions：Interleukin 30 (IL-30) forms one chain of the heterodimeric cytokine called interleukin 27 (IL-27), thus it is also called IL27 p28, it predicts a molecular mass of 24.9 kDa. IL-30, the p28 subunit that forms IL-27 together with EBI3 and is also known as IL-27 p28 or IL-27A, has been considered a surrogate to represent IL-27. It was initially thought to be an IL-12-like cytokine promoting Th1 immunity because of its ability to induce T-bet and IL-12Rβ2 expression through STAT1 activation during Th1 differentiation.

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Tags：IL-30

Descriptions：Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a 14-15 kDa glycoprotein with immune regulatory functions in many diverse cell types. IL-15 can be constitutively expressed in a variety of cell types stored as intracellular protein in the cytoplasm as well as transport to the cell surface, while only secreted from some cell types including monocytes, dendritic cells, epithelial cells, bone marrow stromal cells, and fibroblasts. As a pleiotropic cytokine, IL-15 mediates the crosstalk between innate immunity and adaptive immunity whose principal role is to kill virally infected cells. IL-15 plays a crucial role in the development, differentiation, and survival of NK cells. In monocytes, IL-15 induces the production of IL-8 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), which recruits neutrophils and monocytes to sites of infection. IL-15 can also act as a chemo-attractant in T lymphocytes and regulate the differentiation of T lymphocytes.

Applications：His tag

Tags：IL-15

Descriptions：Interleukin 36 alpha (IL-36 alpha) is a 17.76 kDa cytokine with 160 amino acid residues. IL-36 alpha is an IL-1 family member, which binds to the Interleukin-1 receptor and is expressed in the lung, stomach, and placenta. IL-36 alpha is critical in inflammatory responses and stimulates the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-12, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. It also induces the generation of IFNγ, IL-4, and IL-17 in CD4+ T cells.

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Tags：IL-36α

Descriptions：Bone Morphogenetic Protein-5 (BMP-5) is an extracellular multifunctional signaling cytokine that is also a member of the TGF-β family. BMP-5 can bind with TGF-β receptors and trigger SMAD protein signal transduction. It is involved in many negatively regulated physiological processes, such as the aldosterone biosynthetic process and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. BMP-5 also plays a vital role in cartilage synthesis.

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Tags：BMP-5

Descriptions：Transforming Growth Factors alpha (TGF-α) is a 5.68 kDa member of the epidermal Growth Factors with 51 amino acid residues. TGF-α is mainly expressed from brain, skin, epithelial cell (pancreatic endocrine cells, urothelial cells, oligodendrocyte precursor cells, etc.). TGF-α is a regulator of cell proliferation and differentiation via bind to the EGFR and to act synergistically with TGF β. TGF-α also associates with myriad forms of cancer.

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Tags：TGF-α

Descriptions：Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 (BMP-4) predicts a molecular mass of 13 kDa, is a vital regulatory molecule that functions throughout human development in mesoderm induction, tooth development, limb formation, bone induction, and fracture repair and is overexpressed in patients who have fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. BMP-4 is a critical signaling molecule required for the early differentiation of the embryo and establishing of a dorsal-ventral axis. BMP-4 is secreted from the dorsal portion of the notochord, and it acts in concert with sonic hedgehog to establish a dorsal-ventral axis for the differentiation of later structures.

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Tags：BMP-4

Descriptions：C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 4 (CCL4) is a 7.66 kDa cytokine with 69 amino acid residues. CCL4, also named macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β), is mainly secreted from neutrophils, monocytes, B cells, T cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and epithelial cells. CCL4 recruits various immune cells like natural killer cells, monocytes, and neutrophils when CCL4 binds to CCR5. In addition, CCL4 mediates lymphocyte adhesion by Rac1 /Cdc42 signaling pathway and plays critical roles in different biological functions like maintenance of cell polarity, regulation of calcium ion transport and response to viruses.

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Tags：CCL4

Descriptions：IL-5 is a 45-60 kDa homodimer cytokine that functions principally in the eosinophil arm of the Th2 response. It is a member of the helical bundle family of cytokines, along with IL-3, IL-4, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).

Applications：His tag

Tags：IL-5