Apoptosis Detection Kit

Apoptosis is a basic biological phenomenon, which refers to the autonomous and orderly death of genetically controlled cells in order to maintain the stability of the internal environment. It plays a key role while multi-cellular life clear up the  unwanted or abnormal cells. For the normal cells, phosphatidylserine (PS) is located on the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, while during the early stage of apoptosis, PS is translocated to the outer layer and is exposed on the external surface of the cell. This early event in apoptosis can be detected by using a sensitive method in which to detect PS exposure.

Annexin V is a Ca²⁺-dependent phospholipid binding protein with a molecular weight of 35~36 KDa, which has the highest affinity for phosphatidylserine (PS). Based on its affinity for PS, Annexin V can be utilized as a sensitive probe for cell surface exposure of PS. Early apoptosis can be detected directly while Annexin V labed with different fluorescein or biotin.

Propidium iodide (propidine iodide, PI) is a nucleic acid dye which can not penetrate the intact cell membrane, because the cell membrane of early apoptotic cells is intact and resistant to PI. However, for the cells and dead cells in the middle and late stages of apoptosis, PI can dye the nucleus through the cell membrane. Therefore, using Annexin V with PI can distinguish cells in early, middle and late apoptosis from dead cells. PI can be excited by laser line in 488,532 or 546nm and emit red fluorescence.

According to the early apoptosis detection index: Annexin V、JC-1, mid-term apoptosis detection index: Caspase and late apoptosis detection index: TUNEL, Abbkine can provide you with the Annexin V-AbFluor™ apoptosis detection kit, TUNEL apoptosis detection kit (green/ red fluorescence), Caspase series of activity analysis kit (colorimetric method) to help your scientific research !